It’s well documented how in WW2 the American USAAF went to some very extreme measures to train their gunners on the bombers to shoot well.
Such as:
http://www.afhra.af.mil/studies/numberedusafhistoricalstudies.asp
and specificly:
http://www.afhra.af.mil/shared/media/document/AFD-090602-068.pdf
and this good one:
http://www.bomberlegends.com/pdf/BL_Mag_v2-2-GunneryTrain.pdf
Even going so far as to mount Browning A5 shotguns on pedestal mounts in the back of trucks and driving down a road while skeet targets were sent up for them to shoot.
Even later with operation Pinball, using P39s, very heavily armored, and bombers with special ammo to shoot at the P39s as they simulated attacks.
So the question is, what did other countries in the war do to increase their marksmanship abilites in arial combat among the gunners?
Deaf