This is Wikipedia definition of “Ersatz”:
“The term ersatz probably gained international attention during World War I, when allied fleets cut off all sea transports to Germany, forcing Germany to develop substitues for products like chemical compounds and provisions. Ersatz products developed during this time included: synthetic rubber (buna produced from oil), benzene for heating oil (coal gas) and coffee, using roasted beans, which were not coffee beans. Though a similar situation arose in Germany during World War II, this connotation with the term ersatz has sunk into oblivion in present Germany.”
Some of German “esatzes” filtered through to post-war life and you can buy them even today - like coffee from grains, chickory and beans and artificial honey known as “Golden Syrup”.
I tried to find typical miltary ersatzes - we already talked about Holzgas powered cars and military vehicles,
Do you know more?
Below beautiful sample of military ersatz in article from US Military Intelligence Magazine. (Thanks to Long Sentry site).
I would like to encourage you to search for more samples of German ingenuity.
Find some ersatz and show us!
CONCRETE STICK HAND GRENADE
Large quantities of German concrete stick, or “potato masher”, grenades have been recovered in various areas of the European Theater. Although it formerly had been supposed that such grenades were local improvisations, evidence now suggests that their design has been accorded official recognition. Two types have been found.
Type 1 consists of a wooden handle, rectangular in cross-section, with a 3/8-inch-square groove running the length of the handle. A length of cord, attached to a pull fuze, operates through this groove. Often the other end of the cord is tied to a small piece of wood, which serves as a pull knob. This is wired to the end of the handle with soft, easily broken shear wire.
The forward end of the wooden handle is slotted to form two prongs similar to those of a tuning fork. Iron wire is wrapped around these prongs, partly to strengthen the concrete, but chiefly to secure the concrete head to the handle. The head has a hollow core to accommodate a standard stick TNT demolition charge 1 1/4 inches in diameter. Two metal inserts above the wooden prongs reinforce the cavity, and permit the inser*tion of the standard stick charge.
At the base of the concrete head is a small square of translucent waterproof paper over a cardboard square of equal size. There is a hole 3/4-inch in diameter in the center of the card-board, to admit the igniter to the bursting charge. This hole is aligned with the square groove in the handle.
German concrete stick hand grenade, Type 1, with stick TNT inserted in the cavity.
German concrete stick hand grenade, Type 2, with stick TNT embedded in the concrete.
Type 2 resembles Type 1, but is much simpler. Instead of a hollow in the head of the wooden handle to hold the stick charge, a semicircular cavity is milled into the wood, the explosive charge is placed in this cavity, and the whole assembly then is centered in the concrete mold. It will be noted that in the case of Type 2 the charge is actually molded into the concrete, and projects about 3/8 inch on the end toward the handle.
In both types the explosive charge is the stick TNT demolition charge, Bohrpatrone 28, containing about 3 1/2 ounces of explosive and coated with waxed paper. The stick is 4 inches long, slightly more than an inch in diameter, and has a threaded aluminum insert cast into the explosive to accommodate standard German detonators. The usual detonator well is cast into the stick, and the cavity is sealed with a red sticker, which denotes the presence of TNT. The standard B.Z. 24 friction pull fuze, having a delay element of 4 to 5 seconds, is used.
Lancer44
