Having read some autobiographies of Russian WW2 soldiers, most soldiers were farm boys (and girls) with minimum schooling (7 years). If a youth had 10 years schooling, he went straight to NCO / officer’s school on recruitment. Those who had mechanical experience e.g. as tractor or truck drivers, or from working on machinery in factories, went straight to armoured units or the air force.
One guy, who was a lieutenent with a motorised rifle unit, described how they received reinforcements while having been pulled out of the line into a tented camp maybe 50 km behind the front line, after having suffered heavy losses during a preceeding battle. The blokes came out to the camp, right from the recruitment center, where they only received ill fitting uniforms and rifles, no training. All the training had to be done just in the rear of the frontline in about two weeks, before the unit had to go forward again.
This is not time to train a soldier (IIRC Tubbyboy wrote that it takes up to three years to train a soldier to really know his tasks).
The job for a junior officer in the Red Army was to LEAD, physically LEAD, his men. He had to run ahead in a charge, shouting “follow me” and to drive them, if necessary using a rifle butt, to face the enemy. Tactical decisions were not encouraged, though later in war, and in some situations (house fighting in Stalingrad), they actually adopted cover and move tactics, learned in the field by trial and error.
Jan