No, they didn’t…
From Wiki:
The first patent for using a gas turbine to power an aircraft was filed in 1921 by Frenchman Maxime Guillaume.[3] His engine was an axial-flow turbojet. Alan Arnold Griffith published An Aerodynamic Theory of Turbine Design in 1926 leading to experimental work at the RAE.
The Whittle W.2/700 engine flew in the Gloster E.28/39, the first British aircraft to fly with a turbojet engine, and the Gloster Meteor
In 1928, RAF College Cranwell cadet[4] Frank Whittle formally submitted his ideas for a turbojet to his superiors. In October 1929 he developed his ideas further.[5] On 16 January 1930 in England, Whittle submitted his first patent (granted in 1932).[6] The patent showed a two-stage axial compressor feeding a single-sided centrifugal compressor. Practical axial compressors were made possible by ideas from A.A.Griffith in a seminal paper in 1926 (“An Aerodynamic Theory of Turbine Design”). Whittle would later concentrate on the simpler centrifugal compressor only, for a variety of practical reasons. Whittle had his first engine running in April 1937. It was liquid-fuelled, and included a self-contained fuel pump. Whittle’s team experienced near-panic when the engine would not stop, accelerating even after the fuel was switched off. It turned out that fuel had leaked into the engine and accumulated in pools, so the engine would not stop until all the leaked fuel had burned off. Whittle was unable to interest the government in his invention, and development continued at a slow pace.
Heinkel He 178, the world’s first aircraft to fly purely on turbojet power
In 1935 Hans von Ohain started work on a similar design in Germany, initially unaware of Whittle’s work.[7]
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jet_engine#History