THIS IS FROM A USMC INSTRUCTOR
THE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE M16A2 SERVICE RIFLE
Primary function: Infantry weapon
Manufacturer: Colt Manufacturing and Fabrique Nationale Manufacturing Inc.
Length: 39.63 inches (100.66 centimeters)
Weight, with 30 round magazine: 8.79 pounds (3.99 kilograms)
Bore diameter: 5.56mm (.233 inches)
Maximum effective range:
Area target: 2,624.8 feet (800 meters)
Point target: 1,804.5 feet (550 meters)
Muzzle velocity: 2,800 feet (853 meters) per second
Rates of fire:
Cyclic: 800 rounds per minute
Sustained: 12-15 rounds per minute
Semiautomatic: 45 rounds per minute
Burst: 90 rounds per minute
Magazine capacity: 30 rounds
Unit Replacement Cost: $586
http://usmcweapons.com/articles/m16/M16A2NF.htm
This is an extract from the US army M16A2 rifle manual
http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/library/policy/army/fm/3-22-9/c07.htm#7_10
FM 3-22.9
RIFLE MARKSMANSHIP
M16A1, M16A2/3, M16A4 and M4 CARBINE
This will show a table giving the effective range of the AR
http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/library/policy/army/fm/3-22-9/c02.htm#t2_1
7-29. MISSION OF THE SQUAD DESIGNATED MARKSMAN
The primary mission of the SDM is to deploy as a member of the rifle squad. The SDM is a vital member of his individual squad and not a squad sniper. He fires and maneuvers with his squad and performs all the duties of the standard rifleman. The SDM has neither the equipment nor training to operate individually or in a small team to engage targets at extended ranges with precision fires.
The secondary mission of the SDM is to engage key targets from 300 to 500 meters with effective, well-aimed fires using the standard weapon system and standard ammunition. He may or may not be equipped with an optic. The SDM must, therefore, possess a thorough understanding and mastery of the fundamentals of rifle marksmanship as well as ballistics, elevation and windage hold-off, sight manipulation, and range estimation.
From slitly further down you will see this
(1) Range Estimation Training. The SDM can use several different methods to determine range to the target to include the 100-meter unit-of-measure method, range card method, front sight post method, appearance of objects method, and the combination method.
(a) 100-Meter Unit-of-Measure Method. To use this method, the SDM must be able to visualize a distance of 100 meters on the ground. For ranges up to 500 meters, the SDM determines the number of 100-meter increments between the two objects he wishes to measure. Beyond 500 meters, he must select a point halfway to the object and determine the number of 100-meter increments to the halfway point, then double it to find the range to the object.
(b) Range Card Method. The SDM can also use a range card to quickly determine ranges throughout the target area. Once a target is detected, the SDM determines where it is located on the card and then reads the proper range to the target.
(c) Front Sight Post Method. Another method to estimate range is by using the front sight post as a scale. Generally, if a man-sized target is 1/2 the width of the front sight post, then he is approximately 300 meters away. If the target is 1/4 the width of the front sight post, then the target is approximately 600 meters away. This method can be used for a quick estimation and engagement.
(d) Appearance of Objects Method. This method is a means of determining range based on the size and visible characteristics of an object. To use this method with any degree of accuracy, the SDM must be familiar with the appearance and visible detail of an object at various ranges. However, some common guidelines can be used in relation to a human target to determine range.
§ At 200 meters a human target is clear and details can be seen.
§ At 300 meters the target is still clear, but no details can be seen.
§ At 400 meters the target’s outline is clear; however, the target itself is blurry.
§ At 500 meters the body tapers and the head disappears.
§ At 600 meters the body resembles a wedge shape.
Now numnuts tell me you can not fire an AR at 600m and no army in the world does. That you could not see to engage targets at 600m. That the 5.56 could not kill at this range. This is from your own army dogbreath.
For the other people who may be interested in US Field Manuals go to this address. They have the lot from brigade doctrine to platoon drills.
http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/library/policy/army/fm/index.html